Kipimo cha kusikia kitapima masikio ya mtoto wa kulia na kushoto ili kuangalia upotevu wa kusikia. Matokeo yatakusaidia wewe, mtoto na mlezi wao kuamua kama vifaa saidizi vya kusikia vinaweza kusaidia.
Maelekezo
Tumia sehemu ya upimaji wa uwezo wa kusikia katika fomu ya tathmini na uangalie Daraja la jedwali la upotezaji wa kusikia ili kujua kama mtoto ana hasara yoyote ya kusikia.
Swali
What could you do to make it easier for a child with hearing loss to understand what you are saying?
Chagua majibu mawili.
Uko sahihi Ikiwa umechagua c na d kama maJibu sahihi !
Sit at the same level as the child. Keep your face in good light while speaking clearly and slowly to make it easier for them to understand what you are saying.
Child-friendly approach
Tayarisha mtoto kwa upimaji wa uwezo wa kusikia kwa njia rahisi, ya kufurahisha na ya kucheza.
Show the equipment so they know what will happen during the hearing test.
Maelekezo
Tazama video hii ya mhudumu wa afya akitumia mbinu rafiki kwa mtoto kuelezea kipimo cha uwezo wa kusikia.
Swali
Look at this picture of a health worker showing equipment using a child-friendly approach.
1. Ni nini hufanya mbinu hii kuwa rafiki kwa watoto?
- Kuketi kwa urefu cha mtoto
- Kutabasamu na kumtazama mtoto
- Kuruhusu mtoto kuona vifaa vya upimaji
2. Ni njia gani zingine za kumtuliza mtoto wakati wa kipimo cha kusikia?
Other ways to reassure a child include:
- Kutumia sauti rafiki
- Kueleza mambo polepole na kuangalia kama mtoto ameelewa
- Kumwambia mtoto kuwa anafanya vizuri kwenye kipimo.
Ufanyaji wa kipimo cha Uwezo wa kusikia
Wakati wa kufanya upimaji wa uwezo wa kusikia na mtoto:
- Eleza kuhusu kipimo cha Uwezo kusikia
- Fanya mazoezi ya majibu ya kipimo
- Fanya kipimo cha Uwezo wa kusikia
- Kokotoa wastani wa kiwango cha uwezo wa kusikia
- Rekodi matokeo kwa kila sikio.
1. Eleza kuhusu kipimo cha Uwezo kusikia
Explain that you will test the child’s hearing by measuring the quietest sound that they can hear (hearing threshold).
2. Fanya mazoezi ya majibu ya kipimo
Sit opposite the child so they can see you clearly.
Elezea:
- As soon as you hear the sound, press the response button or raise your hand on the same side as the sound
- Release the button or lower your hand as soon as you no longer hear the sound
- Before putting on the headphones practice the test response
- When the child responds, praise and encourage them.
Dokezo
If the child does not respond to the test it may help to:
- Use toys or stickers to encourage the child to participate
- Change the response signal, for example, the child waves their hand or drops a toy when they hear the sound
- Demonstrate with their caregiver
- Show them a video of another child doing the task.
Practice with the child first at 1000 hertz (Hz) and 40 decibels (dB):
- Ask the child to put on the noise cancelling headphones
- Check headphones are in the correct position
- Practice twice in each ear.
Dokezo
If the child cannot hear the practice sound, increase the loudness by 10 dB and repeat.
3. Fanya kipimo cha kusikia
- Put the noise cancelling headphones on the child
- Check headphones are in the correct position
- Start test on the child’s better hearing ear – if better hearing ear is not known, start with their right ear
- Weka masafa kwenye kiwango cha 1000 Hz na 40 dB.
Dokezo
Ili kufanya kipimo kwa usahihi zaidi:
- Position yourself so the child cannot see you presenting the sound
- Change the rhythm of how you present the sounds. This is to avoid them guessing when you will present the next sound.
Higher frequency sounds of 1000 Hz are usually easier to hear and give a child confidence at the start of a hearing test.
- Press the button for 2 to 3 seconds and see if the child raises their hand:
- If the child raises their hand, reduce the intensity level by 10 dB
- If the child does not respond, increase the intensity level by 5 dB
- Continue until you find the quietest sound the child can hear:
- Rudia sauti mara tatu ili kuthibitisha kiwango cha chini kabisa ambacho mtu anaweza kusikia
- If the child responds correctly at least two out of three times at the frequency tested, record threshold on form
- Rudia upimaji katika masafa 2000 Hz, 4000 Hz na 500 Hz
- Repeat on the child’s left ear.
Maelekezo
Watch this video of a child having a hearing test.
Kazi
Katika vikundi fanya mazoezi ya kufanya upimaji wa uwezo wa kusikia na mtoto ambaye hana upotezaji wa kusikia.
Andaa:
- Identify a space
- Check sound level is suitable using a sound level meter or downloaded Programu ya kusikia ya WHO:
- Bofya kwenye 'angalia Uwezo wako wa kusikia' ili kufikia mita inayopima kiwango cha sauti
- Allow permission to measure noise.
Kipimo:
- Explain the test in a child-friendly way
- Carry out the test at 1000, 2000, 4000 and 500 Hz on child’s better hearing ear or right ear
- Record the quietest sound the child can hear for each frequency
- Rudia kipimo kwenye sikio lingine.
Pima kujiamini
Unapofanya upimaji wa uwezo wa kusikia, zingatia jinsi unavyojiamini kuhusu matokeo ya mtihani.
You may have confidence if the child:
- Anajibu kila wakati sauti zinapowasilishwa
- Kiwango chake cha chini cha kusikia sauti kwa kila masafa kinatambuliwa.
You may have little or no confidence if the child:
- Anajibu kiholela kuhusu sauti zinazowasilishwa
- Anajibu bila hata kama hakuna sauti inayowasilishwa
- Anajibu tu pale anapoona mpimaji anasogea.
If you have good test confidence, continue.
If you have poor test confidence after discussing with your mentor refer person to ear and hearing professional.
Onyo
Matokeo sahihi ya mtihani ni muhimu kwa upangaji sahihi wa vifaa saidizi vya kusikia.
4. Kokotoa kiwango cha wastani cha kusikia
- Get the average dB by adding threshold value of 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz, and 4000 Hz then divide by four.
- Linganisha Wastani wa kiwango cha chini kabisa ambacho sikio la kulia na kushoto yanaweza kusikia:
- Pungufu ya dB 15 Endelea
- Tofauti ya dB 15 Toa rufaa kwenda kuonana na mtaalamu wa masikio na Uwezo wa kusikia.
For children with unilateral (one sided hearing loss) and asymmetrical hearing loss (right and left average thresholds different by more than 15 dB), their needs are more complex. Refer to ear and hearing professional.
Maelekezo
Jibu maswali yafuatayo ili kupima maarifa yako kutoka kwa moduli ya Vifaa saidizi vya kusikia vilivyopangwa tayari TAP.
Swali
Kutana na Anju
Anju is six years old and goes to school.
Anju amepata matibabu ya maambukizi ya sikio. Anarudi na wazazi wake katika kituo cha afya cha eneo hilo kwa ajili ya kupima Afya ya masikio na kupima kusikia.
Mhudumu wa afya hufanya Upimaji wa Afya ya masikio. Masikio yake yote mawili yana afya. Wanaendelea na upimaji wa uwezo wa kusikia. Anju anajibu kwa ujasiri wakati wa upimaji wa uwezo wa kusikia.
Look at her hearing thresholds for each frequency.
| Side | 500 Hz | 1000 Hz | 2000 Hz | 4000 Hz |
| Kulia | 15 | 10 | 20 | 10 |
| Kushoto | 10 | 10 | 15 | 15 |
1. Je, ni kizingiti gani sahihi cha wastani cha kusikia kwa sikio la kulia la Anju?
13.75 dB is correct!
Ni wastani unaopatikana kwa kujumlisha nambari zote na kuzigawanya kwa nne.
2. Je, ni kizingiti gani sahihi cha wastani cha kusikia kwa sikio la kushoto la Anju?
12.50 dB ni sahihi!
Ni wastani unaopatikana kwa kujumlisha nambari zote na kuzigawanya kwa nne.
3. Does Anju have less than 15 dB difference between her right and left ears?
Chagua jibu moja.
Jibu sahihi ni "Ndiyo"!
The difference is less than 15 dB. You can continue.
Check the Grade of hearing loss table on the assessment form or below.
| Daraja | Wastani |
| Ndani ya kiwango cha kawaida | Wastani wa chini ya dB 20 |
| Kupoteza kusikia kwa kiwango kidogo | Wastani wa 20-34 dB |
| Kupoteza Uwezo wa kusikia kwa kiwango cha wastani | Wastani wa 35-49 dB |
| Kupoteza Uwezo wa kusikia kwa kiwango kikubwa hadi cha wastani | Wastani wa 50-64 dB |
| Kupotea kwa Uwezo wa kusikia kwa kiwango kikubwa | Wastani wa 65-79 dB |
| Kupotea kwa Uwezo wa kusikia kwa kiwango kikubwa zaidi | Wastani wa zaidi ya 80 dB |
4. What is the grade of hearing loss for Anju’s right ear?
Chagua jibu moja.
Normal hearing range is correct!
13.75 dB is in the normal hearing range.
5. What is the grade of hearing loss for Anju’s left ear?
Chagua jibu moja.
Normal hearing range is correct!
12.50 dB iko katika masafa ya kawaida ya kusikia.
5. Rekodi matokeo kwa kila sikio
- Andika Wastani wa viwango vya kusikia kwenye sehemu ya kipimo cha Uwezo wa kusikia katika fomu
- Rekodi kujiamini kwako katika kufanya kipimo
- Rekodi kiwango cha kusikia kwa sikio la upande wa kulia na la upande wa kushoto.
Fuata hatua iliyopendekezwa kwa kulingana na kiwango cha upotevu wa Uwezo wa kusikia kinachopatikana katika jedwali la kiwango cha upotezaji wa Uwezo wa kusikia .
Eleza matokeo ya kipimo
After completing the hearing test and identifying the grade of hearing loss, explain results and whether the child may benefit from hearing aids.
Remember Anju?
Unaeleza matokeo ya kipimo cha kusikia cha Anju kwa Anju na wazazi wake. Kusikia kwa Anju ni kawaida. Yeye hahitaji vifaa saidizi vya kusikia.